JSFiddle - React, Tailwind, and code Playground

HTML

<div id="fish" name="something" data-val="1"/>

JavaScript

jQuery.fn.getDataMap = function () {
  var map = {};
  
  if (!this.length) {
    return map;
  }
  
  var attributes = this[0].attributes;

  for (var i=0;i<attributes.length;i++) {
    var curr = attributes[i];
    
    if (curr.nodeName.indexOf("data-") === 0) {
      map[curr.nodeName] = curr.nodeValue;
    }
  }
  
  return map;
}
    
console.log($('div').getDataMap());